1/28/2024 0 Comments Spin pumping apl hof fmanAlthough these magneto-thermoelectric effects have been known for a long time, some of these phenomena have not been investigated in detail. In magnetic conductors, the magneto-thermoelectric effects appear even in the absence of an external magnetic field owing to the action of the spin-orbit interaction on spin-polarized conduction electrons. 2) Such phenomena include the magneto-Seebeck/Peltier effect, in which the Seebeck/Peltier coefficient depends on the magnitude and direction of H or M, and the Nernst (Ettingshausen) effect, in which a heat (charge) current induces a transverse charge (heat) current perpendicular to H or M (Fig. In addition to the Seebeck and Peltier effects, various thermoelectric transport phenomena appear in a conductor in the presence of a magnetic field H or in a magnetic material with spontaneous magnetization M. Since the discovery of these fundamental effects, physics, materials science, and application-oriented studies on thermoelectric effects have mainly focused on thermoelectric power generation based on the Seebeck effect and electronic cooling based on the Peltier effect. The Onsager reciprocal of the Seebeck effect is called the Peltier effect, discovered by J. Its performance is described by the Seebeck coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of the generated electric field to the applied temperature gradient. This effect converts a heat current into a charge current in metals and semiconductors. 1) One of the representative thermoelectric effects is the Seebeck effect, discovered by T. Thermoelectric effects enable direct interconversion between heat and electricity. Thus, in this Review, the basic behaviors, spin-charge-heat current conversion symmetries, and functionalities of spin-caloritronic phenomena are summarized, which will help new entrants to learn fundamental physics, materials science, and application studies in spin caloritronics. However, the existence of various thermo-spin and magneto-thermoelectric conversion phenomena with similar names may confuse non-specialists. In spin caloritronics, various thermo-spin conversion phenomena and principles have subsequently been discovered and magneto-thermoelectric effects, thermoelectric effects unique to magnetic materials, have received renewed attention with the advances in physical understanding and thermal/thermoelectric measurement techniques. This field is a branch of spintronics, which has developed rapidly since the discovery of the thermo-spin conversion phenomenon called the spin Seebeck effect. The interconversion between spin, charge, and heat currents is being actively studied from the viewpoints of both fundamental physics and thermoelectric applications in the field of spin caloritronics.
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